Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version 3.0.0-RC1-x86_64-Pure64

Chapter 10. Installing Basic System Software

10.19. GCC-4.8.3

The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes the C and C++ compilers.

10.19.1. Installation of GCC

The following patch contains a number of updates to the 4.8.3 branch by the GCC developers: 

patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-4.8.3-branch_update-1.patch

Apply the following patch so that GCC links to /lib instead of /lib64: 

patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-4.8.3-pure64-1.patch

Apply a sed subsitution that will suppress the execution of the fixincludes script: 

sed -i 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in

The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source directory in a dedicated build directory: 

mkdir -v ../gcc-build
cd ../gcc-build

Prepare GCC for compilation: 

SED=sed CC="gcc -isystem /usr/include" \
CXX="g++ -isystem /usr/include" \
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath-link,/usr/lib:/lib" \
  ../gcc-4.8.3/configure --prefix=/usr \
    --libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
    --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-c99 --enable-long-long \
    --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++ \
    --disable-multilib --disable-libstdcxx-pch \
    --with-system-zlib --enable-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-time

The meaning of the new configure option:

SED=sed

This prevents a hard-coded path to /tools/bin/sed in the fixincl program.

Compile the package: 

make
[Important]

Important

The test suite for GCC is considered critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.

Increase the stack size prior to running the tests: 

ulimit -s 32768

Test the results, but do not stop at errors: 

make -k check

The -k flag is used to make the test suite run through to completion and not stop at the first failure. The GCC test suite is very comprehensive and is almost guaranteed to generate a few failures. To receive a summary of the test suite results, run: 

../gcc-4.8.3/contrib/test_summary

For only the summaries, pipe the output through grep -A7 Summ.

A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The GCC developers are usually aware of these issues, but have not resolved them yet.

Install the package: 

make install

Install the libiberty header file that is needed by some packages: 

cp -v ../gcc-4.8.3/include/libiberty.h /usr/include

Some packages expect the C preprocessor to be installed in the /lib directory. To support those packages, create this symlink: 

ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib

Many packages use the name cc to call the C compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink: 

ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc

Finally, move a misplaced file: 

mv -v /usr/lib/libstdc++*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib

10.19.2. Contents of GCC

Installed programs: c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, gcov
Installed libraries: libasan.[a,so], libatomic.[a,so], libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libgcov.a, libgomp.[a,so], libiberty.a, libitm.[a,so], liblto_plugin.so, libmudflap.[a,so], libmudflapth.[a,so], libquadmath.[a,so], libssp.[a,so], libssp_nonshared.a, libstdc++.[a,so], libsupc++.a, libtsan.[a,so]
Installed directories: /usr/include/c++, /usr/lib/gcc, /usr/share/gcc-4.8.3

Short Descriptions

cc

The C compiler

cpp

The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files

c++

The C++ compiler

g++

The C++ compiler

gcc

The C compiler

gcov

A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to determine where optimizations will have the most effect

libasan

The Address Sanitizer runtime library

libatomic

A GCC support runtime library for atomic operations not supported by hardware

libgcc

Contains run-time support for gcc

libgcov

Library that is linked into a program when gcc is instructed to enable profiling

libgomp

GNU implementation of the OpenMP API for multi-platform shared-memory parallel programming in C/C++ and Fortran

libiberty

Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including getopt, obstack, strerror, strtol, and strtoul

libitm

The GNU Transactional Memory Library, which provides transaction support for accesses to a process's memory

liblto_plugin

Runtime library for GCC's link-time optimization plugin

libmudflap

The libmudflap libraries are used by GCC for instrumenting pointer and array dereferencing operations.

libquadmath

The GCC Quad-Precision Math Libarary API

libssp

Contains routines supporting GCC's stack-smashing protection functionality

libstdc++

The standard C++ library

libsupc++

Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming language

libtsan

The Thread Sanitizer runtime library